The arrival of French troops in Catalonia led to a power vacuum. The rural community took up arms and mounted a rebellion, while a Junta Superior organised resistance. Napoleon's army crushed the uprising in 1812 through the taking of Tarragona and Montserrat, although they never managed to establish control of inland districts. In 1810, the French implemented a new policy of improving relations with Catalonia and the Catalan language was given official status. In 1812, Napoleon annexed Catalonia to France, with the approval of some of the bourgeoisie.