Catalonia suffered due to the wars between the French and Spanish monarchies and there was serious conflict in the countryside. In 1663, the peasants in Vallespir rose up in protest against new taxes imposed by the French authorities. The billeted troops were the cause of another popular uprising (1687-1689). Between 1694 and 1697, the French troops conquered the north-eastern part of Catalonia and Barcelona, and the Maréchal Vendôme swore an oath of allegiance to the Constitutions on behalf of Louis XIV. The Peace of Ryswick (1697) returned Catalonia to the Hispanic monarchy.